I have an external USB drive that is normally assigned to /dev/sdc1 and mounted at /media2 when the system starts.. But when the laptop is bumped, it disconnects, and then /media2  is unreachable. Furthermore, the system then re-mounts it as  /dev/sdd1  instead of /dev/sdc1 so even if you have a script to remount it manually, it won’t work. Using systemd under Fedora 36, I was able to auto-re-mount it as /media2 even if it’s disconnected an re-connected. Here is how:

1) Find the UUID of the partition.

# blkid

(...)
/dev/sdc1: UUID="daa01b07-430d-40f0-8fa6-4e0a83e856c1" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext3" PARTLABEL="MYEXTERNAL" PARTUUID="bc2 822f8-6208-1bef-a88f-f2040ba12130"

(...)

and note the UUID of your drive partition that you want to auto-mount. It’s the thing that starts with “daa01…”.  We will need this later on.

2) Learn the vendor and product ID’s of your USB drive.

Plug in your USB drive and run this. From the long list, fish out your USB drive’s line:

# lsusb

(....)
Bus 001 Device 009: ID 1f75:0621 Innostor Technology Corporation IS621 SATA Storage Controller
(....)

In my case, the 1f75 is the vendor ID, and 0621 is the product ID.

3) Now create a new UDEV rule — this gets executed when the USB is attached:

edit /etc/udev/rules.d/99-turgut-automount.rules

ACTION=="add",ATTRS{idVendor}=="1f75",ATTRS{idProduct}=="0621",ENV{SYSTEMD_WANTS}="remount-media2.service"

You need to change the idVendor and idProduct to the ones you found in step 2. Likewise you can give it a better filename 🙂 I like to keep my changes obvious so I remember it later on.

4) Write the systemd service

Now create a file like this:

# nano /etc/systemd/system/remount-media2.service

It should contain:

[Unit]
Description=Remount Media2

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/remount-media2
StandardOutput=null

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=remount-media2.service

5) Creating the executable

Now we need to create the actual script that will be run every time that USB is added to the system. Replace the UUID you see below to what your drive is..  Mine looks like this, you can change it to anything you like:

# nano /usr/local/bin/remount-media2

#!/bin/bash
echo "Remount-media2 running" >> /var/log/remount-media2.log
umount /dev/sdc1
umount /dev/sdd1
sleep 1
umount -f /dev/sdc1
umount -f /dev/sdd1
sleep 1
mount -o rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,sync,data=ordered UUID="daa01b07-430d-40f0-8fa6-4e0a83e856c1"  /media2
exit 0

(The whole long mount line is just one line.. It might have wrapped around for you)

Just make this an executable now, like:

# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/remount-media2

Conclusion

That’s it! Now reboot your computer and check the /var/log/remount-media2.log file.. try unplugging your drive and re-plugging it back.. a new line should be added to that log file, and the drive should be remounted to the same path.

If your system that used to dual-boot fine, one day just boots into Windows, with Linux nowhere to be found, you just need to add the Linux entry into the EFI boot manager.. No need to grub2-install, etc.

First find out which is the partition for linux with: fdisk -l /dev/sda

Then issue something like this from a rescue disk/flash drive..
Hint: -p is for partition number. Use the number you found above:

For centos:
# efibootmgr -c -d /dev/sda -g -p 2 -L “centos” -l ‘\EFI\centos\shim.efi’

or, for Fedora:
# efibootmgr -c -d /dev/sda -p 2 -L “fedora” -l ‘\EFI\fedora\grubx64.efi’

If you want to copy an entire disk’s worth of stuff onto another disk, here is the best set of parameters to do so:

rsync -avxI --owner --progress --group --links --inplace --stats --times --delete --modify-window=1 --size-only